A Complete Guide to EMC Testing and Certification Services

What is EMC Testing and How is it Done?

EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) testing is a process used to determine whether a device is compatible with the electromagnetic environment in which it operates. This test ensures that devices do not cause electromagnetic interference (EMI) and are not affected by external electromagnetic disturbances. EMC testing is crucial to ensure the safe and efficient operation of electronic devices.

EMC testing measures the device's resistance to electromagnetic disturbances and evaluates the impact of these disturbances on other devices. The goal is to ensure that the device does not create incompatibility with other electronic devices in its surroundings and that it is not affected by external electromagnetic disturbances.

Types of EMC Testing
EMC tests can be categorized into two main types:

Emission Tests (Radiated Emission, Conducted Emission): These tests measure the electromagnetic waves emitted by the device to check if they fall below specified limits.

Immunity Tests (Radiated Immunity, Conducted Immunity): These tests evaluate how well the device can withstand external electromagnetic waves.

How is EMC Testing Performed?
EMC testing is typically carried out following specific standards. The tests to be applied can vary depending on the type of device, its usage area, and the geographic region. The EMC testing process usually follows these steps:

Preparation of the Testing Environment
EMC testing is done in specialized testing rooms equipped with electromagnetic shielding to prevent external disturbances. The frequency ranges for testing are also determined.

Setup of Testing Equipment
Testing equipment such as antennas, spectrum analyzers, and other measuring devices are used to detect the electromagnetic waves emitted by the device.

Emission Testing
This test measures the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the device. It checks whether the emitted electromagnetic waves are below a certain limit. This test may include both radiated and conducted emission tests.

Immunity Testing
This test evaluates the device’s resistance to electromagnetic radiation from external sources. During the test, the device is exposed to various electromagnetic disturbances (such as radio frequencies or electrostatic discharges) to observe its performance under these conditions.

Analysis of Results
The test results are analyzed to determine whether the device’s emission and immunity levels comply with the standard. If the device exceeds the specified limits, adjustments may be required in the design.

Standards Applied in EMC Testing
EMC testing is carried out under specific standards. These standards are necessary to ensure the electromagnetic compatibility of devices and their safe use. Some of the commonly used EMC standards include:

EN 55032 (CISPR 32): Regulates electromagnetic emissions for video and audio equipment, particularly for media devices.
EN 55011 (CISPR 11): Defines electromagnetic emission standards for industrial, scientific, and medical equipment.
IEC 61000-4-3: Tests the immunity of devices to radio frequencies. It measures the device's resistance to electromagnetic fields from external sources.
IEC 61000-4-6: Tests the immunity of devices to conducted radio frequencies.
EN 61000-6-1: Sets electromagnetic compatibility requirements for electrical equipment.
ISO 11452: Tests electromagnetic compatibility for vehicles and transport systems.
The Necessity of EMC Testing
Devices must pass EMC compatibility tests not only for safe operation but also for market approval. Many countries require devices to pass these tests and obtain certification before being introduced to the market. EMC testing is a legal requirement in regions such as the European Union and North America.

QRS Certification’s EMC Testing Services
QRS Certification provides consulting and certification services for EMC testing. We offer professional support to ensure the compliance of devices, products, and systems with EMC standards through necessary tests and certification processes.